Recently, California’s Governor signed Assembly Bill (AB) 45, which builds on existing California laws, such as the Confidentiality of Medical Information Act, seeking to protect individuals seeking certain healthcare services. AB 45 takes effect January 1, 2026.

Specifically, the law prohibits the collection, use, disclosure, sale, sharing, or retention of personal information of a

Since the privacy and security regulations were issued under the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), critics pointed to the limitations on the reach of those rules. A critical limitation advanced by privacy advocates is that the popular health data privacy rule extends only to certain covered entities and their business associates, not